Image created by Author using Midjourney Introduction Imperfect data is the norm rather than the exception in machine learning. Comparably common is the binary class imbalance when the classes in a trained data remains majority/minority class, or is moderately skewed. Imbalanced data can undermine a machine learning model by producing model selection biases. Therefore in the interest of model performance and equitable representation, solving the problem of imbalanced data during training and evaluation is paramount. This article will define imbalanced […]

Image created by Author using Midjourney Introduction Large language models (LLMs) have become extremely prominent and useful for all sorts of tasks, but new users may find the large number of LLM tools and utilities intimidating. This article focuses on 5 of the available and widely-useful such tools, all of which are no-cost and created to help maturing minds take advantage of the wide variety of available language models: Transformers, LlamaIndex, Langchain, Ollama, and Llamafile. 1. Transformers One of the […]

Image created by Author using Midjourney Introduction Classification algorithms are at the heart of data science, helping us categorize and organize data into pre-defined classes. These algorithms are used in a wide array of applications, from spam detection and medical diagnosis to image recognition and customer profiling. It is for this reason that those new to data science must know about and understand these algorithms: they lay foundations for more advanced techniques and provide insight into how those data-driven decisions […]