Maybe you’ve already worked with Jupyter Notebooks from Project Jupyter to create documents containing runnable code. You can achieve even more with JupyterLab, a tool kit that you can use to document and share your research, teaching, and learning activities. It’s useful in a wide range of disciplines, from data analysis and data visualization to scientific study. JupyterLab enhances your notebooks by providing a browser-based interface that allows you to use multiple notebooks together effectively. In addition, it offers you […]

Having good documentation is a critical feature of any successful Python project. In practice, writing documentation is hard and can take a lot of time and effort, so some developers don’t like to do it. Luckily, with large language models (LLMs) and tools like ChatGPT, you can quickly document your Python code and projects. In Python, you can document your code using docstrings and then take advantage of them to enrich the project’s external documentation. ChatGPT can be of great […]

October 2023 saw the release of the new Python 3.12. At the same time, focus has shifted to new developments in the language. The acceptance of the long-discussed PEP 703 means that developers can ramp up their work on a free-threading version of Python. The steering council does an important job governing Python and its development. Nominations for the next steering council are now open. Currently, groups are being established that’ll support the steering council by specifically focusing on typing […]

Many people learn basic language and word skills by playing the game of hangman. First mentioned in print in the late nineteenth century and popularized in international media as the game show Wheel of Fortune, hangman appeals to many people. For beginning programmers who want a challenge or for more experienced coders looking for a bit of fun, writing hangman in Python is a rewarding endeavor. Throughout this tutorial, you’ll build the hangman game in Python in a series of […]

In Python, type hinting is an optional yet useful feature to make your code easier to read, reason about, and debug. With type hints, you let other developers know the expected data types for variables, function arguments, and return values. As you write code for applications that require greater flexibility, you may need to specify multiple return types to make your code more robust and adaptable to different situations. You’ll encounter different use cases where you may want to annotate […]

Ptpython is a feature-rich and user-friendly Python REPL (Read-Eval-Print Loop) that takes your interactive Python coding experience to a whole new level. Unlike the standard Python REPL, ptpython offers a host of powerful features designed to boost productivity and streamline the development process. Its intuitive interface, syntax highlighting, and robust auto-completion capabilities make writing and exploring Python code a breeze. The interactive shell also provides the built-in ability to inspect Python objects, so you can quickly look up function references […]

Watch Now This tutorial has a related video course created by the Real Python team. Watch it together with the written tutorial to deepen your understanding: Running Python Scripts A Python script or program is a file containing executable Python code. Being able to run Python scripts and code is probably the most important skill that you need as a Python developer. By running your code, you’ll know if it works as planned. You’ll also be able to test and […]