Interactive Quiz ⋅ 12 QuestionsBy Martin Breuss Share By working through this quiz, you’ll revisit how to build LLM workflows and agents in LangGraph, and how LangGraph expands upon LangChain’s capabilities. The quiz contains 12 questions and there is no time limit. You’ll get 1 point for each correct answer. At the end of the quiz, you’ll receive a total score. The maximum score is 100%. Good luck! Related Resources

Watch Now This tutorial has a related video course created by the Real Python team. Watch it together with the written tutorial to deepen your understanding: OOP Method Types in Python: @classmethod vs @staticmethod vs Instance Methods Instance, class, and static methods each serve a distinct role in Python, and knowing when to use one over another is key to writing clean, maintainable code. Instance methods operate on individual objects using self, while class methods use cls to access class-level […]

Have you ever wanted to create an app with an appealing interface that works in the command line? Welcome to Textual, a Python toolkit and framework for creating beautiful, functional text-based user interface (TUI) applications. The Textual library provides a powerful and flexible framework for building TUIs. It offers a variety of features that allow you to create interactive and engaging console applications. In this tutorial, you’ll learn how to create, style, and enhance Textual apps with layouts, events, and […]

Python makes extensive use of a type system known as duck typing. This system is based on an object’s behavior and interface. Many built-in classes and tools support this type system, which makes them pretty flexible and decoupled. Duck typing is a core concept in Python. Understanding it will give you deeper insight into how the language works and, more importantly, how to use this approach in your own code. In this video course, you’ll learn: What duck typing is […]

Spring isn’t the only thing in the air—new Python releases are here! Last month, Python’s core development team released versions 3.13.2, 3.12.9, and 3.14.0 alpha 5 of the language. The 3.14.0a5 version is the fifth of seven planned alpha releases. You can install this alpha release to try some new and exciting language features. The PyPy project has also released a new version—7.3.19—featuring interpreters for Python 2.7, 3.10, and the newly introduced Python 3.11. There’s also news from the Python […]

Interactive Quiz ⋅ 10 QuestionsBy Martin Breuss Share In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of building a RAG chatbot using LangChain and Neo4j. You’ll revisit the process of designing a chatbot and working with graph databases. The quiz contains 10 questions and there is no time limit. You’ll get 1 point for each correct answer. At the end of the quiz, you’ll receive a total score. The maximum score is 100%. Good luck! Related Resources

Interactive Quiz ⋅ 7 QuestionsBy Leodanis Pozo Ramos Share In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of the Python Textual library. This library is used for creating text-based interface applications for the terminal. By working through this quiz, you’ll reinforce your knowledge of Textual’s key concepts and features. The quiz contains 7 questions and there is no time limit. You’ll get 1 point for each correct answer. At the end of the quiz, you’ll receive a total score. The maximum […]

Interactive Quiz ⋅ 6 QuestionsBy Martin Breuss Share In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of the Python Global Interpreter Lock (GIL). The GIL allows only one thread to hold the control of the Python interpreter. This has advantages, but can also be a performance bottleneck in CPU-bound and multi-threaded code. By working through this quiz, you’ll revisit the impact of the GIL on the performance of your Python programs and how to mitigate it. The quiz contains 6 questions […]

The bytes data type is an immutable sequence of unsigned bytes used for handling binary data in Python. You can create a bytes object using the literal syntax, the bytes() function, or the bytes.fromhex() method. Since bytes are closely related to strings, you often convert between the two data types, applying the correct character encoding. This tutorial starts with a brief overview of binary data fundamentals, setting the scene for the remaining part, which delves into creating and manipulating bytes […]

In the world of data analysis and manipulation, Python has long been the go-to language. With extensive and user-friendly libraries like NumPy, pandas, and PySpark, there’s a solution available for almost any data-driven task. Among these libraries, one name that’s been generating a significant amount of buzz lately is Polars. Polars is a high-performance DataFrame library, designed to provide fast and efficient data processing capabilities. Inspired by the reigning pandas library, Polars takes things to another level, offering a seamless […]